Climate

In low-altitude zones, Colombia has a tropical climate characterized by stable temperatures throughout the year.

The mountainous regions are the principal determinants of the climate in each of Colombia's regions. The Andes have divided the country in the following climates.

Warm (altitudes lower than 1.000 meters, temperatures higher than 24°C, covers 80% of the country.)

Temperate ( altitude between 1.000 and 2.000 m., temperature between 17°C and 24°C, 10% of the country)

Cold ( altitude from 2.000 m to 3.000 m., temperatures between 12°C and 17°C, 8% of the country)

Tree Line ( altitudes of 3.000 meters and temperatures lower than 12°C).

Winds

Another factor that determines the climate of these regions are the winds from the North and South East. Winds from the North indicate the dry season when they penetrate the majority of the continent. The winds from the South East dominate the South East of the country.

Rains and Precipitation

Colombia's precipitation varies from 300 mm/year in the Guajira to 12.000 mm/year in Choco. The precipitation varies depending on the temperature, winds, altitude, and topography of the region among other factors. Moreover, the majority of the country is located above the equator. The rainy season of Colombia is from April to November, with its maximum quantity of precipitation falling in May and June, October and November. Colombia's dry season is from December to March.

Relative humidity

The places with the highest relative humidity of the country are: the plains of the Pacific, the Amazon Jungle, the borders of Orinoco, the foot of the Orinoquia mountains, and part of the Magdalena. There are also zones in which the humidity rises in the rainy season and diminishes up to 65% during the dry season: Between the zones of the Bogotan Savannas and the Valley of Cauca, for example. In the peninsula of the Guajira, the humidity is approximately 70% year 'round because of its location, close to the sea.

 

More information about Colombia's climate

 

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